BGP ACCEPT_OWN Community Attribute

Abstract

Under certain conditions, it is desirable for a Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) route reflector to be able to modify the Route Target (RT) list of a Virtual Private Network (VPN) route that the route reflector distributes, enabling the route reflector to control how a route originated within one VPN Routing and Forwarding table (VRF) is imported into other VRFs. This technique works effectively as long as the VRF that exports the route is not on the same Provider Edge (PE) router as the VRF(s) that imports the route. However, due to the constraints of BGP, it does not work if the two are on the same PE. This document describes a modification to BGP allowing this technique to work when the VRFs are on the same PE and to be used in a standard manner throughout an autonomous system.

Status of This Memo

This is an Internet Standards Track document.

This document is a product of the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF). It represents the consensus of the IETF community. It has received public review and has been approved for publication by the Internet Engineering Steering Group (IESG). Further information on Internet Standards is available in Section 2 of RFC 5741.

Information about the current status of this document, any errata, and how to provide feedback on it may be obtained at http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc7611.

Copyright Notice

Copyright © 2015 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the document authors. All rights reserved.

This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal Provisions Relating to IETF Documents (http://trustee.ietf.org/license-info) in effect on the date of publication of this document. Please review these documents carefully, as they describe your rights and restrictions with respect to this document. Code Components extracted from this document must include Simplified BSD License text as described in Section 4.e of the Trust Legal Provisions and are provided without warranty as described in the Simplified BSD License.

Table of Contents

   1.  Introduction  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   2
     1.1.  Requirements Language . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   3
   2.  ACCEPT_OWN Community  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   3
     2.1.  Route Acceptance  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   3
     2.2.  Propagating ACCEPT_OWN between Address Families . . . . .   4
     2.3.  Configuration Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   4
   3.  Decision Process  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   4
   4.  Deployment Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   5
   5.  Other Applications  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   5
   6.  Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   5
   7.  IANA Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   5
   8.  References  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   6
     8.1.  Normative References  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   6
     8.2.  Informative References  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   6
   Appendix A.  Local Extranet Application (Non-normative) . . . . .   7
   Acknowledgments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   8
   Authors' Addresses  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   8

1. Introduction

In certain scenarios, a BGP speaker may maintain multiple VRFs [RFC4364]. Under certain conditions, it is desirable for a route reflector to be able to modify the RT list of a VPN route that the route reflector distributes, enabling the route reflector to control how a route originated within one VRF is imported into other VRFs. Though it is possible to perform such control directly on the originator, it may be operationally cumbersome in an autonomous system with a large number of border routers having complex BGP policies.

The technique of the route reflector modifying the RT list works effectively as long as the VRF that exports the route is not on the same PE as the VRF(s) that imports the route. However, due to constraints of BGP, it does not work if the two are on the same PE. This is because, per the BGP specification [RFC4271], a BGP speaker rejects received prefix advertisements that were originated by itself. In an autonomous system with route reflectors, the route reflector attaches the ORIGINATOR_ID attribute to the UPDATE messages so that if such prefix advertisements reach the originator, the originator can reject them by simply checking the ORIGINATOR_ID attribute. The BGP specification also mandates that a route should not be accepted from a peer when the NEXT_HOP attribute matches the receiver's own IP address.

This document proposes a modification to BGP's behavior by defining a new community [RFC1997] value, in order to allow the technique of RT list modification by the route reflector to be used in a standard manner throughout an autonomous system, irrespective of whether or not the VRFs are on the same or different PEs.

1.1. Requirements Language

The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT", "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this document are to be interpreted as described in RFC 2119 [RFC2119].

2. ACCEPT_OWN Community

This memo defines ACCEPT_OWN, a new well-known BGP community in the First Come First Served [RFC5226] range, whose value as assigned by IANA is 0xFFFF0001. Processing of the ACCEPT_OWN community SHOULD be controlled by configuration. The functionality SHOULD default to being disabled, as further specified in Section 2.3.

2.1. Route Acceptance

A router MAY accept a route whose ORIGINATOR_ID or NEXT_HOP value matches that of the receiving speaker if all of the following are true:

• Processing of the ACCEPT_OWN community is enabled by configuration.

• The route in question carries the ACCEPT_OWN community.

• The route in question originated from a source VRF on the router. The source VRF is a VRF on the router whose configured Route Distinguisher is equal to the Route Distinguisher carried in the route.

• The route in question is targeted to one or more destination VRFs on the router (as determined by inspecting the Route Target(s)).

• At least one destination VRF is different from the source VRF.

A route MUST NOT ever be accepted back into its source VRF, even if it carries one or more RTs that match that VRF.

2.2. Propagating ACCEPT_OWN between Address Families

The ACCEPT_OWN community controls propagation of routes that can be associated with a source VRF by inspection of their Route Distinguisher and with a target VRF by inspection of their Route Target list (for example, VPN routes with a Subsequent Address Family Identifier (SAFI) of 128). As such, it SHOULD NOT be attached to any routes that cannot be associated with a source VRF. This implies that when propagating routes into a VRF, the ACCEPT_OWN community SHOULD NOT be propagated. Likewise, if a route carrying the ACCEPT_OWN community is received in an address family that does not allow the source VRF to be looked up, the ACCEPT_OWN community MUST be discarded. An OPTIONAL message may be logged in this case.

2.3. Configuration Control

ACCEPT_OWN handling SHOULD be controlled by configuration, and if controlled by configuration, it MUST default to being disabled. When ACCEPT_OWN is disabled by configuration (either explicitly or by default), the router MUST NOT apply the special route acceptance rules detailed in Section 2.1. The router SHOULD still apply the propagation rules detailed in Section 2.2.

3. Decision Process

If a BGP speaker supports ACCEPT_OWN and is configured for the extensions defined in this document, the following step is inserted after the LOCAL_PREF comparison step in the BGP decision process:

When comparing a pair of routes for a BGP destination, the route with the ACCEPT_OWN community attached is preferred over the route that does not have the community.

In all other respects, the decision process remains unchanged. This extra step MUST only be invoked during the best path selection process of VPN-IP routes [RFC4364] (i.e., it MUST NOT be invoked for the best path selection of imported IP routes in a VRF). The purpose of this extra step is to allow the paths advertised by the route reflector with ACCEPT_OWN community to be selected as best over other paths that the BGP speaker may have received, hence enabling the applications ACCEPT_OWN is designed for.

4. Deployment Considerations

The ACCEPT_OWN community as described in this document is useful within a single autonomous system that uses a single layer of route reflectors. Its use with hierarchical route reflectors would require further specification and is out of the scope of this document. Likewise, its use across multiple autonomous systems is out of the scope of this document.

5. Other Applications

This approach may also be relevant in other scenarios where a BGP speaker maintains multiple routing contexts using an approach different from that of [RFC4364], as long as the specific approach in use has the property that the BGP speaker originates and receives routes within a particular context. In such a case, "VRF" in this document should be understood to mean whatever construct provides a routing context in the specific technology under consideration. Likewise, "Route Distinguisher" should be understood to mean whatever construct allows a route's originator to associate that route with its source context, and "Route Target" should be understood to mean whatever construct allows a route to be targeted for import into a context other than its source.

6. Security Considerations

ACCEPT_OWN as described in this document permits a router's own route prefix to be advertised to a different VRF on that router. In this respect, such a route is similar to any other BGP route and shares the same set of security vulnerabilities and concerns. This extension does not change the underlying security issues inherent in BGP VPN [RFC4364].

7. IANA Considerations

IANA has assigned the value 0xFFFF0001 in the "BGP Well-known Communities" registry for the ACCEPT_OWN community.

8. References

8.1. Normative References

   [RFC1997]  Chandra, R., Traina, P., and T. Li, "BGP Communities
   
              Attribute", RFC 1997, DOI 10.17487/RFC1997, August 1996,
              <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc1997>.
   
   [RFC2119]  Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate
              Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119,
              DOI 10.17487/RFC2119, March 1997,
              <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc2119>.
   
   [RFC4271]  Rekhter, Y., Ed., Li, T., Ed., and S. Hares, Ed., "A
              Border Gateway Protocol 4 (BGP-4)", RFC 4271,
              DOI 10.17487/RFC4271, January 2006,
              <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc4271>.
   
   [RFC4364]  Rosen, E. and Y. Rekhter, "BGP/MPLS IP Virtual Private
              Networks (VPNs)", RFC 4364, DOI 10.17487/RFC4364, February
              2006, <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc4364>.

8.2. Informative References

   [RFC5226]  Narten, T. and H. Alvestrand, "Guidelines for Writing an
              IANA Considerations Section in RFCs", BCP 26, RFC 5226,
              DOI 10.17487/RFC5226, May 2008,
              <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc5226>.

Appendix A. Local Extranet Application (Non-normative)

One of the applications for the BGP well-known community described in this document is auto-configuration of extranets within MPLS VPN networks. Consider the following topology:

   CE1 --------+
               |
              (VRF 1, RD 1, RT 1)
                       PE1 ................... RR
              (VRF 2, RD 2, RT 2)
               |
   CE2 --------+

Figure 1: Extranet Application

Within this topology, PE1 receives a prefix X from CE1. Prefix X is installed in VRF 1 and is advertised to the route reflector (RR) with Route Distinguisher (RD) 1 and Route Target (RT) 1 as configured on PE1. The requirement is to import prefix X into VRF 2 and advertise it to CE2 in support of extranet VPN connectivity between CE1/VRF1 and CE2/VRF2. Current BGP mechanisms for MPLS VPNs [RFC4364] require changing the import RT value and/or import policy for VRF 2 on PE1. This is operationally cumbersome in a network with a large number of border routers having complex BGP policies.

Alternatively, using the new ACCEPT_OWN community value, the route reflector can simply re-advertise prefix X back to PE1 with RT 2 appended. In this way, PE1 will accept prefix X despite its ORIGINATOR_ID or NEXT_HOP value, import it into VRF 2 as a result of the presence of RT 2 in the route's Extended Community path attribute, and then determine the correct adjacency rewrite within VRF 1 based on the RD value and the prefix. Note that the presence of RT 1 in the route's Extended Community path attribute will simply be ignored since RT 1 is associated with the source VRF 1. The same operation also needs to happen in the reverse direction (VRF 1 learning a route from VRF 2) to achieve establishment of an extranet VPN strictly via the route reflector without changing the BGP policy of PE1 in any way.

A router performing such an extranet application can accept a route with its own ORIGINATOR_ID or NEXT_HOP value only if the VRF in which the router originated the route is different from the VRF in which the router accepts the re-advertised route.

Acknowledgments

The authors would like to thank Yakov Rekhter, Jim Guichard, Clarence Filsfils, John Mullooly, Jeff Haas, Pranav Mehta, and Tamas Mondal for their valuable comments and suggestions. The decision process changes were suggested by Pranav Mehta to solve the remote extranet problem.

Authors' Addresses

   James Uttaro
   AT&T
   200 S. Laurel Avenue
   Middletown, NJ  07748
   United States
   Email: uttaro@att.com
   
   Pradosh Mohapatra
   Sproute Networks
   Email: mpradosh@yahoo.com
   
   David J. Smith
   Cisco Systems
   111 Wood Avenue South
   Iselin, NJ  08830
   United States
   Email: djsmith@cisco.com
   
   Robert Raszuk
   Mirantis Inc.
   615 National Ave. #100
   Mountain View, CA  94043
   United States
   Email: robert@raszuk.net
   
   John Scudder
   Juniper Networks
   1194 N. Mathilda Ave.
   Sunnyvale, CA  94089
   United States
   Email: jgs@juniper.net